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Title
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John Ross
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Description
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Charcoal portrait of John Ross in suit coat, shirt, and string tie. Ross was one of Quantrill's guerrillas and took part in the raid on Lawrence, Kansas, August 21, 1863. He was with Quantrill when Quantrill was mortally wounded in Kentucky. Ross, along with 14 others of Quantrill's band, surrendered to the U.S. Army at Samuel's Depot, Kentucky, July 25, 1865.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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Battle of Boonville Political Cartoon
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Description
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This black-and-white cartoon, ca. June 1861, mockingly depicts Confederate General Sterling Price “taken with a Violent Diarrhea” at the beginning of the Battle of Boonville. Price is depicted in military uniform with his pants down, saying “I didn’t think the Smell of Gun-powder would have such an effect on my Bowels.” A note below the cartoon refers readers to the daily papers from June 20, 1861.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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St. Louis, Missouri
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Description
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This stereograph displays the commercial district of St. Louis, Missouri."
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Object Type
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Image
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Date
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1862 - 1868
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Title
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General Orders, No. 38
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Description
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Maj. Gen. Samuel Curtis issued General Order No. 38 from the Department of the Missouri Headquarters in St. Louis on May 22, 1863. The order details the proceedings of recent Military Commissions in St. Joseph, St. Louis, and Springfield, Missouri, where citizens were tried for war crimes, including consorting with guerrillas and bushwhackers, killing United States soldiers from the Seventh Cavalry Regiment Missouri Volunteers, and encouraging rebellion against the government. The order was signed by Assistant Adjutant General A.V. Colburn.
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Date
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May 22, 1863
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Title
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Missouri State Militia Special Order to Receive New Privates
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Description
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By order of Brigadier General John B. Sanborn, 1st Lt. W. D. Hubbard informs Capt. James J. Akard that five privates from the old 14th Cavalry will be joining Akard's ranks in Company "A" of the 8th Cavalry.
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Date
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November 16, 1863
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Title
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Slave Hire
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Description
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In this document, James Lawrence and W.W. Walter promise to pay Hugh G. Rees sixty dollars for the hire of a 15-year-old female slave named Nancy. Lawrence and Walter agree to “treat the said girl humanely…and not take her out of the State of MO.” The two men promise to return Nancy to Rees on January 1, 1856.
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Object Type
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Legal Document
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Title
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From Florella Brown Adair and Charles Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair
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Description
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This letter was written on April 14 and 15, 1861 by Florella Brown Adair and Charles Adair in Greenfield, Ohio, to Samuel Lyle Adair. Florella reports that she has been thinking about “the mysterious providence of God toward Kansas & toward our church, why does he permit such trying & afflictive things to come upon us as a people?” Charles finishes the letter on April 15, stating that they will be home the following week. He refers to the capture of Fort Sumter and declares, “The war has begun.”
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Date
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April 14, 1861-April 15, 1861
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Title
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Battle of Hickory Point
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Description
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Painting by Samuel J. Reader depicting the Battle of Hickory Point. On September 13, 1856, James H. Lane led a force of jayhawkers against Hickory Point, a proslavery settlement in Jefferson County, Kansas that had supported an attack against Grasshopper Falls. Lane soon understood that he lacked artillery to attack the log buildings, and he retreated. During the retreat, Missourians pursued Lane's forces and attacked, but the jayhawkers returned fire. After receiving word that Territorial Governor John Geary had ordered a ceasefire, Lane withdrew, but reinforcements from Lawrence under command of Colonel James A. Harvey arrived on September 14, toting the captured cannon "Old Sacramento," and fired on the town. One proslavery man was killed, four others wounded, and several Free-Staters were wounded before a ceasefire was called and the Missourians withdrew from the area. 100 Free-Staters were arrested by U.S. troops, but they were later acquitted for acting in self-defense.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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General Orders, No. 23
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Description
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Samuel P. Simpson, Adjutant General of Missouri, issued General Order No. 23 from Jefferson City on August 8, 1865. The order instructs all officers of the Missouri State Militia to file an "Oath of Loyalty" to the United States Government, and it instructs officers on detached service to report monthly on their duties. The order also cites an act of the General Assembly of Missouri that authorizes the governor to issue commissions to military officers.
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Date
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August 8, 1865
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Title
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Constitutional Convention, Topeka, Kansas Territory [Topeka]
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Description
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Wood engraving depicting the Topeka Constitutional Convention of December 15, 1855. At the convention, Free-Staters voted to adopt the Topeka Constitution for Kansas Territory, provisionally banning slavery in Kansas and allowing suffrage for "civilized" male Native Americans, but still excluded blacks from settling in the state. However, the constitution failed to gain the recognition of proslavery settlers and the federal government, including President Franklin Pierce, who declared the Topeka legislature to be illegal and treasonous.
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Object Type
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Image
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Date
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December 15, 1855
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Title
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Monthly Return of Wagons, Harness, and Other Means of Transportation
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Description
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This military document is a collection of two monthly returns of various means of transportation including horses, wagons, and carts used by Company "A", 8th Cavalry Regiment, Missouri State Militia. The first return, June 1862, was completed by Captain David D. Stockton and certified by Second Lieutenant Thomas A. Wakefield. The second return, June 1863, was completed and certified by Captain James J. Akard.
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Date
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June 1862 - June 1863
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Title
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Examination of Mortimer Deering
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Description
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This is Mortimer Deering's 1866 Oath of Loyalty to the United States. Deering, a 42-year-old Virginia native, states that he has lived in Missouri for 17 years and was enrolled by the military authorities as "loyal" in 1862. The oath is No. 200 in a bound volume.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Date
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1866
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Title
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Soldier, Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
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Description
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This sepia carte de visite, ca. 1861-1865, depicts an unidentified soldier who served in the Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. Carte de visites were small photographs that were often used as calling cards and became very popular during the Civil War.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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List of Colored Recruits Enlisted, 6th District Missouri
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Description
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This March 1864 military roll lists the names of enslaved "colored recruits" who were enlisted in the 30th sub-district of the 6th congressional district of Missouri in Chariton County. The roll provides the soldiers' physical characteristics, occupations, birthplaces, and the names of their owners.
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Date
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March 1864
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Title
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Stephen A. Douglas
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Description
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Black and white portrait of Stephen Douglas, Senator from Illinois and designer of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
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Object Type
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Image
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Title
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Emancipation Proclamation
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Description
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This is a photograph of President Lincoln’s handwritten draft of the final Emancipation Proclamation. Lincoln liberated millions of African Americans from slavery with these famous words: “I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States, and parts of States, are, and henceforward shall be free.” The original draft of the Proclamation, issued on January 1, 1863, was lost in the Chicago fire of 1871.
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Object Type
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Government Document
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Date
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January 1, 1863
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Title
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From Florella Brown Adair to Samuel Lyle Adair
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Description
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This letter was written on February 26 and 27, 1861 by Florella Brown Adair in Grafton, Ohio, to her husband Samuel Lyle Adair. Florella writes that “much excitement prevails here in anticipation of the inauguration of Pres. Lincoln, many fears are expressed in his behalf, there is a good deal of war spirit felt most every where I go, most feel that the time for compromise has passed. I hope we shall not have war but I fear it.”
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Date
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February 26, 1861-February 27, 1861
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Title
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From Jacob Hall to My Dear Daughter
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Description
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This letter, dated February 7, 1864, was written by Jacob Hall in Independence, Missouri, to his daughter. Jacob writes that the counties of “Jackson, Cass, Bates and the Southern portion of Vernon have been reattached to the District of Missouri and placed under the command of Gen. Brown – and Gen. Ewing has left for Kansas with nearly all his command.” He adds that “Col. Fort is in command of…the above named counties.”
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Object Type
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Letter
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Date
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February 7, 1864
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Title
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From Edward Fitch to Dear Parents
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Description
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On September 8, 1855, Edward Fitch writes a letter from Lawrence, Kansas to his parents in Massachusetts, reporting that Governor Andrew Reeder was nominated for Congress at the recent convention in Big Springs, Kansas. He also informs his parents of his efforts to protect a free black man against a group of pro-slavery men who wanted to capture and enslave him. If they hadn’t eventually backed down, Fitch says, “we should have pitched in to them with our rifles.”
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Date
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September 8, 1855
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