Civil War

Title: Affidavit of Harvey G. Hicklin
Description: This affidavit, given by Harvey G. Hicklin of Vernon County, Missouri, swears that on December 20, 1858, “an armed band of robbers, from Kansas Territory invaded his premises, made him prisoner, and carried off five negroes," horses, oxen, and a wagon "belonging to the Estate of Js. Lawrence.” The affidavit, which presumably refers to John Brown's raid on Vernon County, is signed by John A. Sartorius, Justice of the Peace.
Object Type: Legal Document
Date: February 5, 1859

Title: Proceedings of the Citizens of Tecumseh
Description: This document details the proceedings of a meeting of Tecumseh, Kansas citizens held at the Tecumseh courthouse on November 26, 1856. The attendees appointed 12 men to serve as delegates at an upcoming convention in Leavenworth. They also voted on and approved several resolutions, including a commitment to establishing peace in Kansas, and an agreement to support Gov. John W. Geary. The document is dated November 29, 1856 and is signed by 18 citizens.
Object Type: Document
Date: November 29, 1856

Title: Discharge of Nathaniel B. Mitchell
Description: These are the official discharge papers for Nathaniel B. Mitchell, who served as a private under Confederate Captain John S. Percival in the Missouri 2nd Infantry from June to December 1861. Mitchell enlisted at Camp Holloway in Jackson County, Missouri, and was discharged in Osceola, Missouri. The document, dated December 11, 1861, notes that Mitchell was discharged after completing his six-month term of service.
Date: December 11, 1861

Title: James Hicklin Documents
Description: These documents attest that James Hicklin, a citizen of Lexington, Missouri, provided supplies and money to the Union army several times during the course of the war. Hicklin purchased $2,000 in state defense bonds on June 15, 1861, and received orders of protection from the army in February, September, and November 1862. He gave an oath of loyalty to the United States on July 8, 1862, which limited his movements to “Lafayette and Saline Counties.”
Object Type: Legal Document

Title: Soldier, Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
Description: This sepia carte de visite, ca. 1861-1865, depicts an unidentified soldier who served in the Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The carte de visite was produced by photographer F.A. Olds of Covington, Indiana. Carte de visites were small photographs that were often used as calling cards and became very popular during the Civil War.
Object Type: Image

Title: Receipt of Clothing for Military Duty, 1862
Description: This military document shows that "the undersigned Non-commissioned Officers, Artificers, Musicians and Privates... do hereby acknowledge to have received of Capt. David D. Stockton, the several articles of Clothing" that are listed along with the name and signature of every individual in the Missouri State Militia 8th Cavalry Regiment Company "A". This disbursement of clothing was done under witness of Colonel Joseph J. Gravely.
Date: January 2, 1862

Title: From John W. Geary to F.J. Marshall
Description: This dispatch, dated September 16, 1856, was sent by Kansas Gov. John W. Geary in Lecompton, Kansas, to Gen. F.J. Marshall, 1st Division, Northern Kansas Militia. Geary received Marshall’s dispatch about the threatened invasion of Gen. Lane’s troops and his proposal to station regiments of the Kansas Militia along the northern Kansas line. Geary replies that if such an invasion occurs, he will first employ U.S. troops to combat it, and then call upon Kansas Militia troops if necessary.
Date: September 16, 1856

Title: From Frederick Starr to Dear Father
Description: On February 26, 1855, Frederick Starr writes from Weston, Missouri to his father. Starr states that after the Self Defensive Association ordered all free blacks to leave the city within 30 days, the local citizens armed themselves to prevent the order being carried out. Ten days later, the citizens forced “a mulatto barber, who was in the habit of gambling & drinking with white men,” to leave the city; “To this no one made any objection for he was generally considered a bad citizen.” Starr adds that the community has turned against Gen. Stringfellow, who was accused of calling all servants “whores.”
Date: February 26, 1855

Title: From P. Naughton to A. Comingo
Description: On December 15, 1863, Capt. P. Naughton, 10th Missouri Cavalry, writes from the Recruiting Station in St. Louis to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal for the 6th District of Missouri. Naughton states that he has been authorized by Col. Alexander to ask Comingo to "enlist all those men who would like to join my regiment, and furnish them Transportation here."
Date: December 15, 1863

Title: Henry Barnes, Henry Boothe, Fox Winne, and N.D. Horton
Description: This 1863 black and white photograph depicts four soldiers: Henry Barnes, Henry Boothe, Fox Winne, and N.D. Horton. All four were enrolled in Company G, Eleventh Kansas Volunteer Cavalry.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1863

Title: Battle of the Big Blue
Description: Benjamin D. Mileham painting of the Battle of the Big Blue, which occurred in Jackson County, Missouri, on October 22, 1864.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1896

Title: Unidentified Guerrilla
Description: Charcoal portrait of man in typical guerrilla overshirt, wearing a hat with a plume, and holding two crossed pistols. Drawing is signed by the artist with "93" immediately below the signature.
Object Type: Image
Date: 1893

Title: Soldier, Fifth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry
Description: This carte de visite depicts an unidentified member of the Fifth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. The photograph was produced ca. 1861-1865.
Object Type: Image

Title: From E.B. Alexander to William Fowler
Description: On August 7, 1863, Col. E.B. Alexander, Acting Assistant Provost Marshal General in St. Louis, writes to Capt. William Fowler, Provost Marshal for the 7th District of Missouri, in St. Joseph, Missouri. Alexander copies the text of a communication he received from the Provost Marshal General, stating that Deputy Provost Marshals are not in the U.S. service and are therefore eligible for the draft.
Date: August 7, 1863

Title: Statement of C.W. Babcock
Description: This is C.W. Babcock’s sworn statement to Kansas Gov. John W. Geary. Dated October 11, 1856, the statement claims that a man named Castleman, posing as a Deputy U.S. Marshal, unlawfully arrested Babcock in Topeka, forcibly moved him to Lecompton, and held him there for three hours.
Object Type: Legal Document
Date: October 11, 1856

Title: Quarterly Return of Quartermaster's Stores, 1863
Description: This military document is a return of quartermaster's stores for Company "A" 8th Cavalry Regiment Missouri State Militia under command of Captain James J. Akard for the second quarter of 1863.
Date: 1863

Title: From James M. Boyer to A. Comingo
Description: This dispatch, dated November 16, 1863, is from James M. Boyer, Deputy Provost Marshal of Chariton County, Missouri, to Capt. A. Comingo, Provost Marshal of the 6th district of Missouri. Boyer reports that several new volunteers have enlisted in Chariton County. He lists the name, age, race, occupation, and birthplace for each recruit.
Date: November 16, 1863

Title: Advertisement for Slave Auction
Description: In this press release for an advertisement, Theodore Duncan announces that there will be a public auction on April 25th, 1859 in Liberty, Clay County, Missouri for the sale of ten slaves, that were previously owned by the estate of William Duncan. Each slave's name, sex, and age are listed and range from two to 53 years of age.
Object Type: Circular
Date: March 23, 1859

Title: Thomas Ewing
Description: Black and white portrait of Thomas Ewing, Jr., Union Army general in command of the District of the Border during the Civil War. In addition to commanding Union forces in several notable battles, Ewing was responsible for issuing General Order No. 11, which expelled southern sympathizers from four Missouri counties in an effort to suppress bushwhackers in the region.
Object Type: Image

Title: From Lucie Davis to John Pigg
Description: This letter, dated September 15, 1864, is from Lucie Davis in Clay County, Missouri to John Pigg. Davis tells Pigg that her mother died after a long illness. She also tells him that Louis Vandiver was moved from a prison in St. Joseph, Missouri to one in St. Louis. Davis predicts that “The bushwhackers are about to take this country,” and adds that they robbed the mail in Clay County and had a fight near Fredericksburg.
Date: September 15, 1864

Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865

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